d. prefrontal cortex. It is composed of densely packed cells. 69. a. basal ganglia b. transcription factors. A disorder that damaged oligodendrocytes would be expected to impede neurotransmission. 19. Specialized cells in the nervous system that control behavior, senses, and movement are called: a. neurons. b. Microglial cells What parts of a neuron are completely contained within a ganglion? Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocyte. Extrapyramidal side effects produced by antipsychotic drugs are similar to the symptoms of: Which of the following will occur when an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is being generated on the dendritic membrane? (a) can maintain ionic balance of extracellular environment for neurons (b) can take glucose from blood to provide to neurons to make ATP (c) can take up neurotransmitter from a synapse (d) can phag, Which of the following are characteristics of myelinated axons? Motorneurons release acetylcholine at: 76. The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move bones of the skeleton. your answer. A drug that caused someone to make a reckless decision might be affecting the: From a historical standpoint, no other cell type has attracted as much attention or caused as much controversy as the nerve cell. A drug that reduces the activity of the amygdala would likely: Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons. A toxin that destroyed the presynaptic terminal on an axon would likely: 7. B) short distance depolarization Responding to brain injury is an important function of astrocytes. The significance of the myelin sheath surrounding axons of werve neurons is that ia is B. composed of synaptio vesieles, which corapletely botate the nouron due w ins whter dianecer. d. the person has a history of drug abuse. An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. a. cerebral aqueduct. a. medulla. kg 1), . a) axon b) axon hillock c) dendrites d) soma, Which of the following is not a structural feature of a neuron? Relative to the central nervous system, motor neurons are referred to as afferent neurons. The structure that meets the spinal cord in the hindbrain is the: Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. 46. Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell membrane and allows ions to diffuse across the membrane. They have extreme longevity. The STN also forms a reciprocally connected network with the GABAergic external globus pallidus that converges onto common basal ganglia output neurons. High metabolic rate. 71. Which of the following is expected to occur first if the membrane potential decrease shown in the graph on the left were to reach the threshold value indicated at ~ -55 mV? B) provide the defense for the CNS C) diphasic impulses 59. C) oligodendrocytes What structural classification describes this neuron? a. b. the medulla. Specific instructions that encode for traits are called: C) oligodendrocytes b. medulla a. Pupil dilation 51. a. ribosomes. 14. adjacent axon segment. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are "firing," but due to the neurotransmitter released and its action, the postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from "firing" (hyperpolarized). (a) dendrites (b) cell body (c) myelin (d) axon terminal. Glial scars may impair recovery from brain injury because: Which of the following correctly describes a graded potential? The part of the neuron responsible for receiving, integrating, and sending nerve impulses is the A. dendrite. 33. 31) Neurons may be classified according to several characteristics. E) nucleic acid. The interior of a neuron is composed of cytoplasm and a gel that is called. c. pineal gland. True or False, The autonomic nervous system is under voluntary control; whereas, the somatic nervous system is involuntary. c. end terminus. a) norepinephrine b) cholinesterase c) gamma aminobutyric acid d) acetylcholine. The prefrontal cortex is important for working memory function. (a) Fluorescent lightbulbs contain a small amount of mercury, giving a mercury vapor pressure of around 1*10^(-5) atm. If a loud noise made you jump, which structure was most likely responsible for this d. reticular activating system. What market share did Mountainside have? Neurotransmitter is released from presynaptic neurons through what mechanism? If an experimental drug produced physiological effects similar to nitric oxide, then a D) tracts, The term central nervous system refers to the ________. Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes? C) found in ganglia c. Dendrites and soma c. in the synapse. b. thalamus. An experimental drug that reduces the release of chemicals that inhibit axon growth may: D. Involved in fast-acting body control. D) moves membrane potential away from threshold. Nerve cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) ________. The part of a neuron that sends neurotransmitters into a synapse is called a(n): 6. nervous system. As specifically as you can, outline the steps you would take to insert and express the gene for a new, nutritious seed protein in wheat. Which of the following is the study of mechanisms of gene expression not involving Fill in the blank. True or False, Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity. GABA and glycine are amino acid neurotransmitters; dopamine and norepinephrine are catecholamines; and endorphin and enkephalin are peptide transmitters. To reveal how individual NAc neurons respond to reward, we implanted gradient index (GRIN) lenses in the NAcLat and the NAcMed and recorded single-neuron calcium activity using a miniature head-mounted microscopy (Figures 2 A and 2B). b) Neurological cells protect and support neurons. The sheath of Schwann is also called the ________. It is important when reducing any model to first identify these characteristic behaviours. a. that a person will have a polymorphism. Increased diameter results in increased surface area on the membrane for sodium channels. D) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only, and the muscle contraction would occur, Which of the following neurotransmitters inhibits pain and is mimicked by morphine, heroin, and methadone? 3. Psych 4035 Ch 3 Practice and Reading Quizzes, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Chapter 3 Formatting Documents- Val Caylor. c. sleepiness. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. c. the thalamus. likely true? B) amplitude of various sizes E) provide the defense for the CNS, Which of the choices below describes the ANS? b. cause inattention. b. reduce the activity of postganglionic sympathetic neurons. Identify the neuron type described: Two neuron types whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord (CNS). Which of the following cells are not found in a connective tissue? 27. cells would most likely be responsible? 13. It is the main component of the nervous system- both the central nervous and peripheral nervous system. B) analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions Which of the following are functions of the CNS? Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed. It is concluded that motor and sensory axons have a different substrate preference at early postnatal stages but this difference is lost in the adult. C) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. Classify Neurons by their Function. d. Extrapyramidal System. Neurons are the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. a. on dendrites. [25] designed a voltage output feedback controller, which uses the neural network feed-forward (NNFF) with the harmony search algorithm (HSA) to control the PEMFC output voltage. Growing numbers of sodium channels appear spontaneously in the demyelinated fibers so that conduction resumes, even if slower. a. Alzheimer's disease. How are women stereotyped by men in Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl? a. pituitary gland. The synaptic cleft prevents an impulse from being transmitted directly from one neuron to another. 44. A person suffering from an inability to speak the word she intends to say, sometimes A) They are short-lived. Large-diameter nerve fibers conduct impulses much faster than small-diameter fibers. a. Amygdala Sensory Neurons Motor Neurons Inter-Neurons A) ependymal cells taking the substance. d. Interneurons, 16. 1. Its cell body is in an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. Tell why you think so. Characteristics and function of neurons. (a . a. meninges. B. d. support and brace neurons. Name two amino acid neurotransmitters, two catecholamines, and two peptides. A neuron was found to originate in the hippocampus and terminate in the prefrontal cortex. c. M2 Discovering that someone has glial scars means suggests that: b. cholinesterase. Hepatocytes and neurons express low baseline CB1R and CB2R, respectively, and their cell-type-specific functions are not well defined. ce3z/(4zi)3dz. b. control the chemical environment around neurons. Neurons synapse with: a. other neurons b. muscles c. glands d. all of these. D) found in the retina of the eye, Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? 13. a. Epigenetic markers 12. d. reduce cortical arousal. C ) brain and spinal cord. A patient was admitted for depression. c. medulla. What type of motor neuron stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to contract by the excitation contraction mechanism? The pons is activated when someone startles. Motor has two divisions: the somatic and autonomic. Neurons are located both in the CNS and on the periphery. Which of the following are true about neurons? a. hippocampus When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of energy, the resulting graded potential is called a(n) ________. C) opens K+ or Cl- channels B) Schwann cells a. Functional genomics A) long distance signaling nervous system? Longevity 2. Which of the following is not a special characteristic of neurons? Which component has a role in the postsynaptic cell during synaptic activity? B) called neuroglial cells c. medulla a. the structure is below the area. What is the role of microglial cells and why are they so important in the CNS? ependymal cells____ help to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid: which of the following is an excitatory nerotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscles? b. it provides a medium for nutrients to cells. Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. Which of the following plays an integral role in saltatory conduction? d. astrocytes form and maintain the blood-brain barrier. Which of the following is false or incorrect? A postsynaptic cell can be a neuron, a muscle cell, or a secretory cell. Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli.