THE ORIGIN OF THE LAMBERT MORGAN FAMILY We have him in Oklahoma city at a Clinic where they freeze semen for overseas distribution. quietude@frontiernet.net, QUIETUDE JUBILEE KINGDOM Perhaps the most amazing thing about this stud horse is his quiet and gentle personality. And all are marked not only as clearly Lambert but strongly bear Criterion's stamp." He has high withers, There have been over 100 DCC Vegas babies produced throughout the United States, Canada and Europe. (Quietude Barcelona x Honor of Quietude), QUIETUDE QUIETUDE TANAGER Red Rover can be described as quiet and curious. All Rights Reserved. x Quietude Kindle), QUIETUDE KIPLING He, Quietude Splendor, was foaled May 9th 2021 at the Quietude Stud in West Virginia. Our horses gaiting over the years are shown via videos on site pages: Gaited Morgan Videos and Gaited Morgan Stallions and Gaited Morgan Mares. TX. Every stallion listing enjoys a feature page that includes photos, description, full pedigree, contact information and a gallery of his get. TackTrader Ads in Oregon. Do not reproduce w/o Author's approval. We specialize in colorful Morgan Horses, with western working bloodlines from the LU Sheep Ranch, Ramul Dvarishkis, and Cross Ranch, all of Wyoming. LAMBERTS INTERNATIONAL Horses. Height (hh) 17.3. (Calcutta of Quietude All of his offspring have been Dun of some color, Judah was foaled on March 29th, 2016. See Mystery in the new book on gaited horses, "Fabulous Floating Horses" by Barbara Weatherwax. Now standing in Aiken, South Carolina to mares of all breeds. He has a mind and ability, Veranda Renfield is a 100% foundation of old western working bloodlines and has that classic Morgan look. We will stand him to a limited number of mares in 21. So for the year, Mackie was National Reserve Champion, MD for AMHA, placed in LD, was champion for CT Morgan, Champion for ECTRA MD, and won a gold medal in middle distance! VERY!!! A picture says 1,000 words. Ruth Shaw NC, QUIETUDE SENECA ROCKS(Quietude Calcutta x Quietude Kindle) Lambert Morgan Horses during the last forty-five years. His bone is big and thick. Stallions At Stud Marketplace Find stallion standing at stud. Gaited Morgans perform walk, canter, some may trot and one or more ambling gaits. His gaits and size fit as a cross concentrated Utah Gaited Morgans. Shannon and Susan Hanley It is to be noted that the Supreme horse stands at the top of some very strong competition. Join our chat http://pets.groups.yahoo.com/group/GaitedMorgans/, Join us on facebookhttps://www.facebook.com/groups/362411990443593/?fref=ts. Shannon and Susan Hanley, was the most respected, well known and admired Morgan family in existence. These are quick references for the typical questions asked. Geronimo is an excellent choice for your working class foundation breeding program in 2022. His dam is THE MORGAN HORSE ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRAILIAN (MHAA) PHOTO CONFORMATION SHOW Daniel Lambert, Jubilee King, Criterion family. The Morgan Stallion is one of the marvels of the horse world. Shopping for a morgan horse? Stallion-Roscoe, IL. These articles were all published in the Going Gaited On Line Magazine. Jellico Farms is exclusively breeding DNA SynchroGait Gene tested AA homozygous sires and dams. He also carries the cream gene and gives some wonderful colored babies. The secret of his success? Announcement: Silver Suede semen is being shipped to Australia. We have recently added some gaited Morgans to our herd. TITANIUM x WWW INSPIRATION: A power-packed pedigree from double Noble Victor on top, to linebred Serenity Masterpiece on the bottom, this young black stallions foals are impressive! Look at some of the pictures of the get of these studs. Old Sweet's lines along with mix Warner lines. Jubilee King SERENITY MASTERPIECE x KIMS BELLEGANTE BHOF: When your breeding program requires a pedigree thats out of this world, consider this stallion with two generations of Hall of Fame producers. for the future Be sure to check out the gaited mares to our lineup that now producing some gaited foals. A classic example of old Morgan type, he's strongly gaited, and a stunningly gorgeous horse. All disciplines. We offer live cover and AI. Since the days of Figure, the Morgan has been admired and sought after for its versatility, beauty, stamina and intelligence. http://www.youtube.com/user/thequietudestud. Racking, Paso, Standardbreds, ETC. All breeds. 304-653-4966 17 presents outstanding bone substance and well-constructed, broad hocks and knees Watch the video of a boisterous Criterion We thank Jared and Dan Young for allowing us to purchase this stallion. The stallions shown should be proven to be gaited by video evidence of the stallion exhibiting an. Another novel of Eva's that is a favorite of mine 50, has a deeper thigh and an absolutely spectacular, long and laid-back shoulder. Nominate your foals. Video of horses. as a thirty-year-old. Townshend Lass by John A . Mary Mels Sunbeam, his dam is a natural gaiting mare and sire is Mtn Edge Black Chrome, another fabulously gaited stud. Colorful flaxens, white manes & tails, excellent conformation, athletic, hardy, intelligent, docile, spirited and gentle. 17. Kembingur is a 5 gaited stallion that sires foals that are natural tolters with correct. Each stallion has some special point that makes him an outstanding sire. Classy looking and finished Western Ple.. Pearland, Texas. Tennessee Walking. SENSATION AT THE HEIGHT OF 14.2 HANDS, "So far, he has been named by AMHA number 1 Morgan in Open Competition at Third Level and at Fourth Level. ABOUT DANIEL LAMBERT new Call: 754-250-0238 Send a message Advertise on HorseClicks . THE LAMBERT MORGANS OF QUIETUDE Flashy 5 years old Spotted Saddle Horse VERY!!! Old Government and Western Working bloodlines - he's a double Stellar grandson. Last Garden': published by Text, (Courage of Quietude x Criteria of Quietude). Gaited Morgan interview starts at 47:35 marker, American Morgan Horse Association www.morganhorse.com, Morgan Single-footing Horse Association/Gaited Morgan Horse Organization, Join GAITED MORGAN HORSE ORGANIZATION since 1996, Gaited Morgan Gallery Gaited Morgan History, http://gaitedmorgans.org/current-farm-ads/. Friends of Sound Horses Sound Advocate Magazine. Criterion was foaled in 1961-- fifty-one years ago. Then came Francis Bryant who continued Mr. Brunk's Lambert breeding program. Whenever judging stallions I therefore especially look for features which are needed as correctives in the breed as a whole. DreamHorse.com Cremello Morgan Horse Stallion, Fabulous 5 yr Cremello Morgan Stud in Oregon Home; Search; Help . Add search: y Stallion y Pony y Icelandic Horse y Breeding horses y Warmblood y Stallion at Stud y Black. Stallion-Pearland, TX. Pair of 15 year old registered Morgan mares, Lady and Pearl. Halter/Western Pleasure Show Gel. This young Gaited Morgan stallion exhibits the calmness and natural gait shown since birth. Kent and Laura Thornburg, Nebraska. His gaits and size fit as a cross concentrated Utah Gaited Morgans. Judge for Equine Conformation. Now standing in Aiken, South Carolina to mares of all breeds. DCC Vegas - Curly Smooth Gaited MFTHBA Registered Stallion -Get an Allergy Free Foal. A brother site to MorganShowcase.com, the premier Morgan horse sales site online, MorganStallions.com is devoted to easily accessible, complete and correct information for stallions standing at stud throughout the U.S. and Canada. Videotaped at eleven months. Properties *NC Dressage and Combined Training Association: 2019 Champion, FEI Prix St. Georges Open. Color tested Ee aa color black heterozygous, SynchroGait DNA test A/A;homozygous for the ambling and lateral gaits. It is only an indicator of the number of or lack of Gait Gene A. Daisette). Stud Fee: $700 Spectacular Imported Five Gaited Icelandic Stallion Mendon, NY Breed Icelandic Gender Stallion Color Other Height (hh) 14.0 Strkur is a very large Icelandic standing at 14h tall with great bone and substance. QUIETUDE SLIDE & FLASH SHOWS Gaited Morgans perform walk, canter, some may trot and one or more ambling gaits. They are western working Morgan Horses. More information to follow. We have the best of two breeding programs, The Blankenship Morgans, Truwest, and the Cross Ranch of Dubois. TWH. Missouris Stamp-On Bethel. Rocky Mtn. 15.2hh Morgan Cross ", QUIETUDE STALLION DIRECTORY Stands well for grooming, bath's and the farrier Suede has the disposition we demand in a breeding stallion, the size that is necessary in these Western Working Morgans and as a special surprise, the dun gene. He is a son of S Bar B Pierre Noire and Truwest Adobe Rose. (303) 912-1815 kentandlaura777@yahoo.com. but I predict a long and useful career for this animal who is a real asset to Australian Morgan horse breeding, both pure and partbred. Therefore, capable both lateral and diagonal gaits. There are only two pure families left in the Morgan breed today, the Lamberts and the Woodburys. Morgan Stallion "Criterion reminded one hauntingly of the ancient woodcuts of his famous ancestors, old Justin and Sherman in particular. breed years ago. Great horse; great trainer/rider!" Bar Non KLT Supreme Play Boy Also known as DUKE - Sold . The Morgan Stallion is one of the marvels of the horse world. FOR 2019. His Third Level average score of 69.9538% was the highest average score for all the winners above Training Level. JUBILEE KING THE CONDUET OF ALL LAMBERTS MORGANS Mackie will be 18 in April, she needs 95 more miles to get her 2000 miles." Copyright 2005-2023 EquineNow.com, LLC. She has driving experience and has been in the show ring. List your stallion. We have preserved this ancient and rare Morgan family And Quietude itself is a magical place Always interesting to see the transition from ground work, initial saddle mounting, use of halter for direction control, followed by bit, horse compensating for the rider, introduction of obstacle work and trail work and setting the initial natural gait displayed by the horse running freely. Watch the video of a majestic Criterion as a thirty years. THE QUIETUDE STUD Bismarck boasts three restaurants: Pizza Shack, Ricardos Cocina, and Shoreline Restaurant. Gaited Morgans History/Origins of Gait by Bruce Burton Gaited Morgan Association May 13, 2010. (Quietude Crispin x Caven-Glow Topaz), QUIETUDE QUEST Copyright 2005-2023 EquineNow.com, LLC. He is doing exceptional and will be home soon. Stud Fee: $700. EQUUS Magazine and Research Associate, The University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Written by Brenda Tippin the Morgan Horse historian. Stud fee $750 LFG. Quietude Seneca Rocks and Elaine Hayes of Lake Norman Dressage delivered a boatload of awards for the holiday season. SUPREME CHAMPION FOR THE AUSTRAILIAN MORGAN HORSE CONFORMATION PHOTO CONTEST . We are committed to research, education and promotion of these Morgan horses due to their outstanding athletic abilities. We are expecting our first North foal out of LER Charli's Angel this year. DANIEL LAMBERT (Ethan Allen x Fanny Cook) Foaled in 1858 Color. QUIETUDE CEZANNE 2017 Gaited homozygous black Morgan stallion at stud. (Quietude Jubilee Lambert x Quietude Coral Sea), QUIETUDE MATISSE 2015 Her latest novel: 'The Morgan Gaited Stallions by StallionsNow.com, part of the EquineNow.com, LLC group of websites. With the help of some knowledgeable breeders, we began to investigate the nuances of getting gaited stock. She owns Wildu Mandaawi Morgans in South Now, the Lambert family represents a history of some hundred years of diligent breeding by Brunk, Bryant Their stamina coupled with a willing spirit make the Morgan a horse to breed to. We use our stallions. Mule Stallion. These gaited Morgans we have raised have been extremely popular and in our breeding program very rare. Video tape available; live healthy foal guarantee; live cover only; mare care is $3 a day; located in SW Arkansas; Mystery has scores of foals all over the nation, mostly out of non - gaited mares. Figure's dam, was "of the Wild-air breed, of middling size, with a heavy chest, of a light bay color, with a bushy mane and tail - the hair on the legs rather long, and a smooth, handsome traveler." Nominate your stallion. GRANDSONS & GREAT GRANDSONS During the 1900's it would have disappeared but for J.C. Brunk who rescued it from extinction. (Quietude Olympian x Quietude Sally Summertime) blooded foundation Australia. Auction ends February 11th Seventeen stallions & 40 mares. **THIS HORSE IS LOCATED IN Sarcoxie, Scarlett, 8 Year old Morgan mare, sound, Broke to drive, she had driving experience before I got her but not sure how much so I sent her to the amish for, 15 year old Morgan Pony for sale Place your bid NOW at The described breeding technique is used to produce our horses. Do not post two adds for the same horse put all. His disposition, quietness, willingness, and versatility is legendary. A change in location? and the, CRITERION He is one of the rare Gaited Cremello stallion, ee, Aa, CrCr. Old Sweets lines along with mix Warner lines. Gaited Stallions by StallionsNow.com, part of the EquineNow.com, LLC group of websites. Wow!! He throws flaxen a lot, and is a minimal sabino. The OfficialGaited Morgan Horse Organization dba since 1996 as the Morgan Single-Footing Horse Association (MSFHA) is a registered Not for Profit recognized service organization of the American Morgan Horse Association (AMHA). Cezanne is a two-year-old stallion and a Criterion grandson. Next came SPRINGFIELD, who was raised from a colt by Mrs. Bryant. COMMENTS UPON PUREBRED MORGAN STALLION CHAMPION AND RESERVE Were ready to make it all happen. An example of the results is our Gaited Morgan stallion. "Your horses are absolutely magnificent!!! Their hardiness and power. QUIETUDE MATISSE (Quietude Merit x Quietude Wild Tansy), Two-year-old stallions: Our Lambert Morgan artists. LAMBERT SPORT HORSE . THE CLEAN BLOODED LAMBERT . Dr. Deb Bennett the International Grey. Youngsters for sale. Gaited Morgan Stallion with the Old Time Morgan look100% Foundation standing 15.1 hands. Champion is not yet three years old and thus is still three years from full skeletal, dental, and sexual maturity, (Quietude Jubilee Kingdom x Comfort of Quietude), QUIETUDE SHADOW CANYON Dragoon Morgan Horses is located near Spokane, Wash. We have stallions at stud and Morgans for sale. If you would like to make a much appreciated tax deductible donation, you may use your credit card via PayPal or mail your payment to our Treasurer Ryan Hunter and include your name, address, phone number, email and web site if you have one. KING knew he was on exhibition and when led out by Mr. Wyma n took his place on the bank overlooking the rivers and almost said "Here I am." This black stallion joined our herd in 2016. Champion no. ** Handsome leopard Appaloosa stallion available for stud service. WITH COMMENTS OF THE JUDGING BY DR DEB BENNETT, A COMPLETE COPY OF THE MORGAN MESSENGER APRIL 2020. All forFREE! tweet print forward report Morgan Stallion at Stud in Bismarck, AR Mary Mels Mystery is one of a handful of naturally gaited Morgan stallions left in the breed. Cezanne was awarded by This pair has been the lead team of our 4 in hand on sleigh, **ONLINE AUCTION** Mt Edge Chrome is a gaited Morgan stallion. I have seen these stallions nose the foals in their pasture herd, nuzzle small children who wandered into the pasture, work cattle, act like they are carrying a fragile package when mounted by a novice and give their all with vigor when asked. The Gaited Morgan From the Beginning by Jackie Farmer, a founding member of our organization. Live cover only. Visitors welcome with appointments in advance. QUIETUDE CEZANNE (Cimarron of Quietude x Quietude Wild Tansy) 2017 Shown as a two-year old. This gaited colt is out of two very gaited parents. Quote from Kathyrn Bigelow The film director for Zero Dark Thirty, The Hurt Locker and Detroit. Stallion Color Black Height (hh) 15.2 **CENTRAL TEXAS - LIVE COVER ONLY. The history behind gait in the Morgan goes back to the 17th century with the first Irish Hobbys, Scottish Galloways and English Palfreys, all pacing horses of basically the same breed, imported into New . Flashy Spotted Saddle Horse. GENERATIONS TO JUSTIN MORGAN The Quietude Stud has produced 323 Clean blooded foundation he floated over the ground.". 14 year old PRE Stallion with papers,passport,and approved for breeding.Beautiful piaffe and Spanish walk.Great with kids and will be great at whatever. FAQ: FRIENDS ASK QUIETUDE, SEVENTY VIDEOS OF OUR LAMBERTS ARE ON YOUTUBE Morgan breeder. NEW SOUTH WALES AUSTRALIA WITH EVA HORNUNG. Gaited horses H. Remove all filters. $3500 Starting bid you breed art. for the Lambert Morgan family. Not sure what else for Ectra, as things are not calculated yet. Super, Geronimo is an excellent choice for your working class foundation breeding program in 2022. Needless to say, these are truly exceptional results. head over to morganshowcase.com, Copyright 2023 Masterworks Creative LLC|A division of MorganShowcase.com. He has also been named by the US Dressage Federation as number 1 Morgan in Third Level Musical Freestyle and Number 2 Morgan in Third Level Open. Champion no. Gender. Member benefits: Two newsletters per year filled with information on gait, bloodlines, training, information on clinics and great places to trail ride. His sire is Quietude Olympian his dam Quietude Wild Tansy and he is a half-brother plus to the Australian Lambert star Quietude Seneca. You have to see this horse to appreciate him! Current Gaited Morgans and non gaited Morgans trace back to 19th Century as a mixture of Morgan, Saddlebred, Thoroughbred and Standardbred stock. Bar Non Bar Non Red Rover - Sold . $500 stud fee, Royal Gold Ariston, is a favorite by all visitors as he has an amazing Morgan presence and hair with a unique color as a bonus. Copyright 2005-2023 EquineNow.com, LLC. When in motion he was arresting, exhibiting spectacular extension at the trot, displaying daunting power as he drove forward off his hocks, mesmerizing onlookers as He is the premier sire of gaited registered Morabs. Read the original oath written more than 100 years ago. Paint Mare. Morgan Horse She is Champion for CT Morgan, Reserve Champion nationally for AMHA Middle Distance, we won a Gold Medal from ECTRA for Middle Distance. From the reputation and legacy of Justin Morgan the stallions we are honored to have carry on that heritage. 10=Very Spirited. Sort by. View Details. However, his most valuable asset was the ability to pass on his distinguishing characteristics, not only to his offspring, but through several generations. This is a place to share current gaited morgan stallions that are standing at stud for the public. Judged by the world reknown Deb Bennett, Ph.D., Director Equine Studies Institute and Consulting Editor and Feature Columnist, *American Morgan Horse Association Open Competition: Champion, Prix St. Georges and Champion, Fourth Level needs no introduction as he is noted throughout the country, having been used at stud in the West for so many years and being the sire of so many "pretty" Morgans, most of them with flaxen mane and tail. where, as Susan puts it, the foals appear in the morning like flowers that bloomed in the night. Chestnut. the longevity, soundness, beauty, tractability. QUIETUDE SENECA ROCKS!! He tests A/A in the synghro gait testing. He is standing on the east coast for only his third year at, For your consideration Good neck length and attachment and superior withers structure (withers will get still higher and more sharply defined as this colt comes to full maturity). He has some amazing bone, good quiet disposition and will match our other stallions here at Bar None Ranch. Their fire and their gentleness. for the future Watch the video of a boisterous Criterion World Class Proven Halter Champion! A sterling record for Seneca and Elaine! He is a grullo, and for those of you who wonder what that is, it is a mouse grey color, the result of the dun gene acting on a black horse. DO NOT STAND TO OUTSIDE MARES. Deutsch. Mary Mels Mystery is one of a handful of naturally gaited Morgan stallions left in the breed. Saddlebred, Spotted Saddle Horse. Over the years we have had some gaited Morgan foals and have often wondered where they came from. Florida Morgans Open, "Marana Trinity's Kingdun" August 6, 2022 Height (hh) 14.3. Jellico Farms combination Historical Breeding TechniqueGait Is Made In The Breeding Shed along with SynchroGait Gene A DNA test achieves goal horses which do the walk, canter, saddle rack or running walk or rack or combination of these. read more. 17 also stands over more ground than Reserve Champion no. Grm Geronimo Lancaster, PA Breed Morgan Gender Stallion Color Black Height (hh) 15.0 Geronimo is an excellent choice for your working class foundation breeding program in 2022. As with the Purebred Mare championship class in this show, the Champion and Reserve Stallion represent different styles of Morgan horse. Gaited: No : Warmblood: No : Temperament 1=Very Calm . We have 7 gaited mares and a gaited stallion. IL. Our Gaited Morgans are all Gene A tested using the optional AMHA SynchroGait Gene A DNA Test. Our versatile, tractable Gaited Morgan Stallions represent some of the finest Gaited Morgan breeding programs WNS Mary Mel Silvershoe. While his true origins remain hidden in history, Figure is thought to have been sired by True Briton, a horse widely respected for his excellence and known as a sire of quality horses. Gaited Stallions at Stud for sale 5 results Discover Gaited Stallions at Stud for sale on America's biggest equine marketplace. QUIETUDE PICASSO (Quietude Quest x Quietude Madrid) & Shed be a great prospect for 4H youth. of the breed. Stallion. KID Broke Show and Pleasure Mare . You, too, can be a part of something special! DECORATED WITH HIS USDF WINNINGS IN DRESSAGE Photo by Carien Schippers imagequine.com, Cover for the October 2018 Morgan Horse Magazine, VIEW THE FEATURE ARTICLE FROM They also trot. He is a horse that immediately gets noticed! Stallion at this time. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Please click on the images below to enlarge them. A very strong colt whom I have made Supreme Champion of this show. Win a $25.00 gift certificate good towards services on the Gaited Horses site . I am, Dunny is a beautiful, calm, well mannered, and well gaited stallion that is homozygous for the Dun gene. A classic example of old Morgan type, he's strongly gaited, and a stunningly gorgeous horse. Motion pictures. The contempory foundation Morgan stallion WATCH OUT Our Champion displays Morgan type primarily through head shape and expression and the deep, laid-back shoulder which is so characteristic of this breed. Comment on Supreme: Most important factors in placement: Long pelvis with visible ischium; excellent bone; outstanding shoulder. Royal Legend is an amazing young stallion sired by AMBERFIELDS BLAZE N DUN out of Truwest Adobe Rose. Next will be the AMHA Open Competition Dressage awards, where I expect Seneca will also do well. A few years ago I began to think about adding some gaited stock to our breeding program. Gaited Morgan Horses and AMHA and Naturally Gaited Morgans and Jellico Gaited Morgans and Gaited Horsemanship and Gait Spectrum and Hollow Back Corrections and Conformation Predict Gait? He is a grandson of Jubilee King. Jellico Creme De La Creme and one of our original horses bred using the combination Historical Breeding Technique and DNA tested parents during Capilets development of DMRT3 DNA test. VISIT QUIETUDE AT FACEBOOK, QUIETUDE SENECA ROCKS The Lambert Morgan is the oldest family in the Morgan breed. This personality and ability is passed on to their foals. He is sired by Lippitt Sam by Ashbrook and out of Paragraph. *Morgan Dressage Association: Champion, Prix St. Georges Open and Champion, Third-Fourth Level Freestyle View each one and choose which one you want to breed that special mare(s) to obtain the foal you have been wanting! Other Morgan Horses. Save this search. You can find the answers to frequently asked question about the Morgan Breed. Westwind Joaquin is a Gaited Morgan outcropping and will inject hybrid vigor. Other businesses include Dollar General, Circle K, U.S. Bank, Southern Bancorp, and Forever Blooming, a flower shop. Color. SOME IMPRESSIONS OF QUIETUDE 2018 Kembingur is a 5 gaited stallion that sires foals that are natural tolters with correct, Strkur is a very large Icelandic standing at 14h tall with great bone and substance. His form was muscular, smoothly-rounded, each part in perfectly-balanced proportion. He is a gorgeous blue roan jack with a blaze, primitive striping, a shoulder cross, excellent bone, and superb breeding, Geronimo is an excellent choice for your working class foundation breeding program in 2022. Our new stallion is sired by GRM in the Black, and shows the classic black and size and conformation of the well known Grunden Morgans of Curtis, Nebraska. Jellico Southern Fortune Please note the DNA test does not guarantee gaits performed, speed in gait or strength of gait. AT HOME IN AUSTRAILIA WHERE EVA HORNUNG'S SPLENDID MARES Gaitedhorses Stallions at Stud Buy and sell horses on Europe's leading horse market. Here we have an outstanding shoulder and arm combined with good back and topline structure and a rock-solid underpinning with excellent bone substance, width of hock and knee assets I would like to see spread far and wide among the modern Morgan breed. and through, and I recognise that elusive quality that drew me to the Vegas usually produces foals, Alen's Delightful Maverick is a 2 year old 15 hand registered TWHBEA bay and white stallion who is big boned, gaited and has a great disposition. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.